Exam 1 Practice Questions

Basic concepts

Which of the following is an example of an application?

Microsoft Word
Mac Finder
Windows Explorer
All of the above

How are files organized on a computer?

In folders
In sub-folders
In a hierarchical structure
All of the above

What happens when you double-click a file on a computer?

The operating system determines which application to open the file with
The file’s extension is read to determine the application
The file is opened in the default application
All of the above

What is the current working directory?

The directory actively being looked at when browsing files
The directory where files are stored
The directory where applications are installed
All of the above

What is the role of a client computer in a network?

It requests data from a server computer
It serves data to a server computer
It acts as both a client and a server
None of the above

Which of the following is an example of a web server?

Your personal computer
A computer hosting a website
A computer running a web browser
All of the above

What is the purpose of a web browser?

To browse files on a computer
To request and view web pages
To serve data to other computers
None of the above

What is the difference between the internet and the web?

The internet refers to the global network of interconnected computers, while the web refers to the interlinking hypertext documents on the internet
The internet is accessible via the HTTP or HTTPS protocol, while the web includes other protocols as well
The internet is used for email, file transfer, streaming media, and more, while the web is just one usage of the internet
All of the above

Which of the following is an example of a protocol used on the internet?

HTTP
IMAP
FTP
All of the above

What is the purpose of uploading data?

To transfer data from a client to a server
To transfer data from a server to a client
To request data from a server
None of the above

What is the purpose of downloading data?

To transfer data from a client to a server
To transfer data from a server to a client
To request data from a server
None of the above

What is the term used to describe a computer that acts as both a client and a server?

Peer-to-peer
Hybrid
Dual-role
None of the above

Which of the following is an example of a software client?

Web browser
File transfer protocol
Voice over Internet Protocol
All of the above

What is the purpose of a web server?

To host and serve data when requested by clients
To browse files on a computer
To transfer data from a client to a server
None of the above

How are files organized on a computer?

In a linear structure
In a circular structure
In a hierarchical structure
All of the above

What is the purpose of the File menu in an application?

To open files
To save files
To edit files
All of the above

What is the purpose of the Windows Explorer tool?

To browse files on a Windows PC
To browse files on a Mac OS X computer
To serve data to clients
None of the above

What is the purpose of the Mac Finder tool?

To browse files on a Windows PC
To browse files on a Mac OS X computer
To serve data to clients
None of the above

What is the purpose of the operating system’s mapping of file extensions to applications?

To determine which application to open a file with
To determine the file’s extension
To organize files into folders
All of the above

How are files stored on a computer?

In a linear structure
In a circular structure
In a hierarchical structure
All of the above

Which of the following are hardware? (select all that apply)

Mac OS X is really an extension of which operating system?

The first “modern” operating system that influenced all others was…

Google’s Android operating system for mobile devices is based on Linux. However, Google does not pay royalties to the creators of Linux. Why is this possible?

It is not legal… Google is breaking copyright law, but nobody has sued them… yet.
Linux is released under the GNU General Public License that allows commercial reuse of the Linux code.
Linus Torvalds and Richard Stallman decided to grant Google a perpetual license to Linux for free, since Google gives away so much for free to the public good.
Sergey Brin, a founder of Google, is also the creator of the Linux kernel. Richard Stallman, the founder of GNU, has been hired by Google.

Which technology innovator was the first major figure to take a public stand against the free sharing of software?

The Linux operating system was the result of a project to develop a free clone of UNIX spearheaded by

Linus Torvalds
Richard Stallman
Steve Jobs
Bill Gates

The “Desktop Metaphor” was invented in

1970 by Alan Kay at Xerox PARC
Sir Tim Berners Lee at CERN in 1989
Vannevar Bush of the US Office for Scientific Research in 1945
Sergei Brin at Google in 2007

Hypertext was first popularized by

Vannevar Bush in 1945
Richard Stallman in 1970
Sir Tim Berners Lee in 1989
Mark Zuckerberg in 2009

The World Wide Web was invented by

Vannevar Bush in 1945
Bill Gates in 1971
Sir Tim Berners Lee in 1989
Mark Zuckerberg in 2009

GNU stands for:

Generally Not Useful
Got New Unix
GNU’s Not Unix
Gimp Nodes Unite

Using a native email app on an iOS or Android phone is an example of using…

The Internet
The World Wide Web
The Internet and The World Wide Web
SFTP

A good filename for any file on any operating system… (select all that apply)

contains all lowercase characters
includes no special characters except the “_” underscore
includes a file extension
includes the word “file” somewhere in the filename

A client computer… (select all that apply)

makes requests to a server computer
responds to requests from a server computer
is a server computer
must run the UNIX or Linux operating system

What does an operating system do? (select all that apply)

Interfaces with hardware
Manages running processes
Manages available memory
Include the ability to organize data in a file system

Copyleft (select all that apply)

Is an official legal term in US law
Is designed to respect the right of every software maker to earn a living
Is encouraged by GNU
Is exemplified by Linux

All operating systems include the concept of file permissions

That’s true
That’s false

All operating systems include a Graphical User Interface does an operating system do? (select all that apply)

That’s true
That’s false

The binary number 101 is the same as the decimal number…

Operating systems

What is the purpose of an operating system?

To provide a user interface for interacting with the computer
To manage hardware resources and provide services to applications
To store and retrieve data from storage devices
To connect to the internet and browse websites

Which of the following is NOT a common type of operating system?

Windows
macOS
Linux
iOS

How do users typically interact with an operating system?

Through a graphical user interface (GUI)
By writing code in a programming language
By using voice commands
By sending emails to the operating system

What are some components typically included in an operating system?

File system management
Device drivers
Network protocols
All of the above

What is the significance of GNU in the context of operating systems?

GNU is an operating system kernel
GNU is a popular programming language used in operating systems
GNU is a collection of free software tools and utilities
GNU is a type of operating system virus

Which of the following statements is true about copyleft?

Copyleft is a legal framework that restricts the use of software
Copyleft allows anyone to modify and distribute software freely
Copyleft is a term used to describe proprietary software licenses
Copyleft is only applicable to open-source operating systems

What is the purpose of the “Overview” section in the document?

To provide a summary of the entire document
To introduce the topic of operating systems
To list the common types of operating systems
To conclude the document

What is the main focus of the “Interacting With The OS” section?

Explaining how operating systems are developed
Describing the different types of user interfaces
Discussing the history of GNU and the free software movement
Providing guidance on how users interact with operating systems

Which section of the document discusses the components included in an operating system?

Common Types of Operating Systems
Interacting With The OS
What’s In An OS
GNU & Copyleft

What is the purpose of the “Conclusions” section in the document?

To summarize the main points discussed in the document
To provide recommendations for further reading on the topic
To present a personal opinion on the topic of operating systems
To list additional resources for learning about operating systems

UNIX

In UNIX-based systems, what is the command to view both hidden and non-hidden files?

In UNIX-based systems, which is the correct way to navigate from the current working directory into a subfolder named ‘media’?

The following 5 questions refer to this directory listing

total 24
drwxr-xr-x 11 bartholemu staff 374 Jun 10 13:50 .
drwx------+ 17 bartholemu staff 578 Jun 14 14:56 ..
-rw-r--r--@ 1 bartholemu staff 6148 Jun 10 13:50 .DS_Store
drwxr-xr-x 6 bartholemu staff 204 Jun 1 13:16 examples_060134
drwxr-xr-x 5 bartholemu staff 170 Jun 2 13:10 examples_060234
drwxr-xr-x 5 bartholemu staff 170 Jun 3 12:02 examples_060334
drwxr-xr-x 5 bartholemu staff 170 Jun 4 11:56 examples_060434
drwxr-xr-x 6 bartholemu staff 204 Jun 8 12:48 examples_060834
drwxr-xr-x 7 bartholemu staff 238 Jun 9 12:32 examples_060934
drwxr-xr-x 6 bartholemu staff 204 Jun 10 12:40 examples_061034
-rw-r----- 1 bartholemu staff 700 Jun 9 17:05 student_websites_summer2034.txt

How many directories appear in this listing?

How many of those directories are subdirectories of the displayed directory?

How many hidden files are displayed?

What command was used to generate this listing?

chmod o+w
ls --la
ls -l
cd ../

Assuming these files are on a web server within in a directory beneath the web root, would the file, student_websites_summer2034.txt be visible through a web browser?

The command that would be used to alter the answer from the previous question would be:

chmod u-w student_websites_summer2034.txt
chmod o+r student_websites_summer2034.txt
chmod g+x student_websites_summer2034.txt
mv student_websites_summer2034 index.html

What is the hostname of the web server used for remote login?

i6.cims.nyu.edu
i6.nyu.edu
cims.nyu.edu
i6.webserver.com

Which command is used to remotely log in to the web server?

ssh
ftp
telnet
http

Where can you find your personal home folder on the web server?

/home/username
/public_html
/username/home
/web_root/username

What is the purpose of the public_html folder?

It is a shortcut to the account home directory.
It contains files visible to the public through the web.
It is the URL at which the public can view web pages.
It is the folder where UNIX commands are executed.

How can you access your web root directory from a web browser?

https://i6.cims.nyu.edu/~username
https://i6.nyu.edu/~username
https://cims.nyu.edu/~username
https://webserver.com/~username

Which command is used to log in to the web server?

ssh username@i6.cims.nyu.edu
ssh i6.cims.nyu.edu
ssh username@webserver.com
ssh webserver.com

How can you reset your password for the i6 account?

Visit https://cims.nyu.edu/webapps/content/systems/resources/i6/resetpassword
Contact the NYU CIMS Helpdesk.
Use the UNIX command resetpassword.
Send an email to i6@cims.nyu.edu.

What is the path to the web root directory?

~/public_html
/home/username
/home/username/public_html
/web_root/username/public_html

Which type of command shell program is required for remote login?

UNIX/Linux command shell
Windows command prompt
Mac Terminal
PowerShell

What should you do after logging in to your account home directory?

Start trying some UNIX commands.
Reset your password.
Access the public_html folder.
Contact the NYU CIMS Helpdesk.

File transfer

What is the purpose of using a file transfer program?

To initiate file transfers between a client and a web server
To provide a graphical user interface for non-technical users
To speak the FTP and SFTP protocols to the server
All of the above

Which of the following is a recommended file transfer program?

Cyberduck
WinSCP
Filezilla
All of the above

How do you connect to a web server using SFTP?

Open a new SFTP connection in the file transfer program
Enter the hostname and credentials to log in
Use regular unencrypted FTP

Where should you place your files on the web server to make them visible through the web URL?

Home directory
Web root directory
Local file system
Server file browser

How do you upload files to the web server using a file transfer program?

Drag-and-drop files from the local file system to the file transfer program
Use the browse feature in the file transfer program
Use the web browser to upload files directly
None of the above

How can you verify that the files are published on the web?

Point a web browser to the web URL
Check the server logs for file upload confirmation
Use the file transfer program to check the server directory
All of the above

What is the web URL for a file located at “/home/username/public_html/origami.html” on the server “i6.cims.nyu.edu”?

http://i6.cims.nyu.edu/username/origami.html
http://i6.cims.nyu.edu/~username/origami.html
http://username.i6.cims.nyu.edu/origami.html
http://origami.html/i6.cims.nyu.edu/~username

What should you do if you encounter a permissions error on the server?

Check if the files are placed in the correct directory
Grant read permissions to the files
Grant execute permissions to scripts
All of the above

Which files must allow others to read them when published to the web?

Only HTML files
Only image files
All files
None of the files

Which programs/scripts must have execute permissions granted to others on the web server?

Python scripts
Javascript scripts
PHP scripts
All of the above

Web Architecture

What does HTTP stand for?

HyperText Transfer Protocol
HyperText Markup Language
Hypertext Preprocessor
Hypertext Styling Protocol

Which request type is used when a web client wants to retrieve a specific information resource?

GET
POST
PUT
DELETE

What does the status code range 400 to 499 indicate in a web server response?

Success
Client error
Server error
Redirection

Which front-end technology controls the visual style of the content on a web page?

HTML
CSS
JavaScript
Bootstrap

What is the purpose of semantic markup in HTML?

To control the visual style of the content
To indicate the content’s meaning and purpose
To handle interactive behaviors of the web page
To simplify and streamline the process of creating front-end interfaces

Which CSS code would give all level 2 headings green text?

h2 { color: green; }
p { background-color: pink; }
img { width: 200px; height: 300px; }
article { border: 10px dotted pink; padding: 20px; }

How can you select only the paragraphs with the class “my_favorite_paragraphs” in CSS?

p.my_favorite_paragraphs { box-shadow: 5px 5px 10px; }
p#a_really_special_paragraph { font-size: 24px; }
p { color: blue; }
p { font-weight: bold; }

What is the purpose of the action attribute in an HTML form tag?

To indicate the method of the form submission
To specify the URL where the form data will be sent
To define the type of form input elements
To set the initial value of a form input element

Which HTTP request type is used to send data to the web server along with the request?

GET
POST
PUT
DELETE

What is the purpose of CSS Flexbox?

To control the content present on the web page
To handle the interactive behaviors of the web page
To indicate the style and presentation of the web page
To position elements and create layouts on the web page

Which front-end framework provides ready-made CSS and JavaScript code for common interface design needs?

Bootstrap
Material UI
React
AngularJS

What is the purpose of the method attribute in an HTML form tag?

To indicate the action to be performed on the form data
To specify the URL where the form data will be sent
To define the type of form input elements
To set the initial value of a form input element

Which HTTP response status code indicates a successful request?

200 to 299
400 to 499
500 to 599
300 to 399

What is the purpose of JavaScript in front-end web development?

To control the content present on the web page
To handle the interactive behaviors of the web page
To indicate the style and presentation of the web page
To position elements and create layouts on the web page

Which front-end technology controls the content present on a web page?

HTML
CSS
JavaScript
Bootstrap

What is the purpose of the Content-Type header in an HTTP request?

To specify the type of data being sent in the request body
To indicate the success or failure of the client’s request
To define the type of form input elements
To set the initial value of a form input element

Which HTTP request type is used to retrieve a specific information resource?

GET
POST
PUT
DELETE

What is the purpose of the Accept-Encoding header in an HTTP request?

To specify the type of data being sent in the request body
To indicate the success or failure of the client’s request
To specify the preferred language for the response
To specify the compression method for the response

Which front-end technology controls the interactive behaviors of a web page?

HTML
CSS
JavaScript
Bootstrap

What is the purpose of the Accept-Language header in an HTTP request?

To specify the type of data being sent in the request body
To indicate the success or failure of the client’s request
To specify the preferred language for the response
To specify the compression method for the response

HTML

What is the purpose of the title element in HTML?

It appears within the visible contents of the web page.
It indicates the title of the document to the web browser.
It is used to load a CSS file.

Which element is used to inform the web browser of another file to load?

title
link
body

What does the body tag indicate in HTML?

The title of the document.
An instruction to load a CSS document.
The visible elements of the page.

What is the purpose of tag pairs in HTML?

They indicate the start and end of a conceptual element.
They are self-closing tags.
They contain arbitrary values.

Which of the following is a self-closing tag in HTML?

title
link
body

What is the purpose of tabs in HTML?

They are interpreted as line breaks.
They are ignored by the web browser.
They indicate the start and end of a conceptual element.

How should elements be formatted to improve code readability?

Without line breaks or indentation.
With line breaks and indentation.
With multiple spaces and tabs.

Which element is used to indicate the main heading of a page?

a
p
h1

What is the purpose of attributes in HTML?

They indicate the start and end of a conceptual element.
They provide extra element settings.
They contain arbitrary values.

Which attribute is required for the img tag?

src
href
type

Which element is used to group content within the body?

h1
div
link

How can you test a web page that you have been developing?

By running web server software on your own computer.
By directly opening an HTML code file in your web browser.
By using the Live Server extension in Visual Studio Code.

What is the purpose of the meta element in the head?

It indicates the title of the document.
It provides metadata about the HTML document.
It loads a CSS file.

Which element is used to create a numbered list in HTML?

h1
a
ol

What is the purpose of the form element in HTML?

It indicates the main heading of a page.
It is used to create a form for user input.
It provides extra element settings.

Which element is used to create a checkbox input in a form?

input
label
select

What is the purpose of the header element in HTML?

It is used to group content within the body.
It indicates the main heading of a page.
It provides extra element settings.

How can you run a web server on your own computer using Visual Studio Code?

By directly opening an HTML code file in your web browser.
By using the Live Server extension in Visual Studio Code.
By installing the Live Server extension and clicking the Go Live button.

Which element is used to create a video player in HTML?

h1
a
video

Where can you find more information on using HTML elements?

In the official HTML specification.
In the w3schools.com HTML tutorials.
In the Visual Studio Code documentation.

The important distinction when choosing between <ol> and <ul> elements when writing HTML code is…

<ol> lists have default padding-left of 10px, while <ul> lists do not
Items in <ol> lists have numbers whereas items in <ul> lists have bullets
<ol> lists contain items with an important order, whereas <ul> lists do not
<ol> lists can be customized to show Armenian characters instead of bullet points, whereas <ul> lists cannot.
There is no distinction between <ol> and <ul> elements in HTML

The HTML element used to indicate a set of navigation links is…

<a>
<li>
<ul>
<nav>

The required attribute of the <a> element is

charset
rel
href
lang

The acronym, HTML, stands for

Hyperdocument Transfer Markup Language
Hidden Terminal Markdown Language
Hypertext Markup Language
Hypertext Transfer Markup Language

Proper indentation of HTML and CSS code is important because… (select all that apply)

The web browsers require it
The specifications of the language require it
Your instructor requires it
It makes your code more readable by yourself and others
None of the above - indentation of HTML and CSS is not required in this course

Nesting of HTML tags indicates…

the style of presentation
the responsive breakpoints
the organization and hierarchy of content
the size of margin and padding on the elements

The rule in HTML that “all tags that open must close!” is important because (select all that apply)

HTML 5 requires that all elements have separate closing tags, so we close our tags to be HTML 5-compliant.
Some older versions of HTML still in use, such as XHTML, require that all tags be closed, so we close all tags to make our code be compliant with HTML 5 as well as earlier versions of HTML.
All of the above
None of the above

Which is the correct code for a link from a page hosted on the i6.cims.nyu.edu server to Wikipedia.org’s home page?

<a href="/wikipedia.org">Click to go to Wikipedia</a>
<a href="www.wikipedia.org">Click to go to Wikipedia</a>
<a href="wikipedia.org/index.html">Click to go to Wikipedia</a>
<a href="http://wikipedia.org">Click to go to Wikipedia</a>
<a href="sftp://wikipedia.org/index.html”>Click to go to Wikipedia</a>

So-called “wrapper” or “container” elements are useful in HTML code because they help… (select all that apply)

center a page as a whole
make block elements sit side-by-side
control the width of a page as a whole
prevent links from having an underline
reduce the number of pages in a site

Without the proper setting for the value of the <meta> tag’s charset attribute, …

web pages will not be responsive
non-latin characters may look garbled in the browser
the <body> element’s default margins and padding will not be overridden
the title of the page will not appear in the browser’s tab

The tag used to indicate the most important content on a given web page is…

<h1>
<aside>
<section>
<header>

The tag used to indicate the version of HTML used by any given hypertext document is…

<html>
<!DOCTYPE>
<cite>
<div>

HTML is intended to be used to indicate… (select all that apply)

content
presentation
interactive behavior
responsive design

HTML code is rendered by the…

Web browser
Web server

Web pages are published by…

Downloading them from a web server
Uploading them to a web server
Emailing them to a special Google email account d. Copy-and-pasting them into a Facebook Chat

CSS

Which language is used to style the content of a web page?

HTML
CSS
JavaScript
Python

What is the philosophy behind the separation of concerns in web development?

Different tasks should be accomplished by different technologies
All tasks should be accomplished by a single technology
HTML should control both content and presentation
CSS should control both content and behavior

Which is the preferred method of including CSS into an HTML document?

External stylesheet file
Internal style element
Inline style attribute
All methods are equally preferred

How can you select all p elements in CSS?

By tag name
By class attribute
By id attribute
By attribute value

Which property is used to change the text color in CSS?

color
background-color
font-family
width

What is the purpose of the id attribute in HTML?

It is used to select elements in CSS
It is used to apply unique styles to elements
It is used to define the structure of the document
It is used to include external stylesheets

How can you select elements with the class even in CSS?

By tag name
By class attribute
By id attribute
By attribute value

Which property is used to change the width of an element in CSS?

color
background-color
font-family
width

What is the purpose of the margin property in CSS?

It controls the spacing external to an element
It controls the spacing internal to an element
It controls the width of an element
It controls the height of an element

Where can you find more information about CSS?

W3Schools.com CSS Tutorial
MDN Web Docs
Stack Overflow
GitHub Copilot

Which selector is used to apply the same set of rules to multiple elements?

Compound selector
Nesting selector
Direct descendant selector
Universal selector

How can you select p elements within an article element in CSS?

By tag name
By class attribute
By id attribute
By nesting selectors

What is the purpose of the > symbol in CSS?

It is used to select elements by tag name
It is used to select elements by class attribute
It is used to select elements by id attribute
It is used to select direct descendant elements

Which language is used to control the interactive behavior of content on a web page?

HTML
CSS
JavaScript
Python

What is the purpose of the style element in HTML?

It is used to include external stylesheets
It is used to define the structure of the document
It is used to apply inline styles to elements
It is used to control the interactive behavior of content

How can you select elements with the class featured in CSS?

By tag name
By class attribute
By id attribute
By attribute value

Which property is used to change the background color of an element in CSS?

color
background-color
font-family
width

What is the purpose of the padding property in CSS?

It controls the spacing external to an element
It controls the spacing internal to an element
It controls the width of an element
It controls the height of an element

Which property is used to change the font size in CSS?

color
background-color
font-family
font-size

What is the purpose of the border property in CSS?

It controls the spacing external to an element
It controls the spacing internal to an element
It controls the width of an element
It controls the border of an element

The hexadecimal code #0000ff represents which color in CSS?

By default, which of the following are default behaviors of all elements with the ‘block’ display setting in CSS? (select all that apply)

Stack one-on-top of the other with other elements
Sit side-by-side with other elements
Are only as wide as necessary to contain the content nested inside them
Are as wide as possible within their container element
All of the above

By default, which of the following are default behaviors of all elements with the ‘inline’ display setting in CSS? (select all that apply)

Stack one-on-top of the other with other elements
Sit side-by-side with other elements
Are only as wide as necessary to contain the content nested inside them
Are as wide as possible within their container element
All of the above

The most useful types of elements for creating the structure and general layout of all web pages are:

inline elements
block elements
radish elements
deprecated elements

What visual result will the following style cause…. (select all that apply)

h1 {
  text-align: center;
}

The text within the first h1 element will be centered
The text within all h1 elements will be centered
The first h1 element will be centered within its containing element
All h1 elements will be centered within their containing elements
All of the above

What visual result will the following style cause…. (select all that apply)

p#second {
  font-family: sans-serif;
}

The text within the second p element will be displayed in the browser’s default sans-serif font
The text within all p elements will be displayed the browser’s default sans- serif font
The text within the p element with the class name “second” will be displayed the browser’s default sans-serif font
The text within the p element with the id “second” will be displayed the browser’s default sans-serif font
None of the above

What elements could potentially be styled by the following CSS code? (select all that apply)

p#second a {
  font-family: sans-serif;
}

only one p element
more than one p element only one a element
more than one a element

Which type of HTML element(s) could the following CSS code select for?

header div.pub h1#magazine_heading {
  /*...*/
}

<header>
<div>
<h1>
<header>, <div>, and <h1>

Which type of HTML element(s) could the following CSS code select for?

header,
div.pub,
h1#magazine_heading {
  /*...*/
}

<header>
<div>
<h1>
<header>, <div>, and <h1>

What will be the effect of the following CSS code on how <p> elements are rendered by the web browser?

p {
  padding: 10px;
}

The internal spacing between the edge of the <p> element and the content nested within the <p> element will be set to 10 pixels.
The external spacing between the edge of the <p> element and any content surrounding it will be set to 10 pixels.
The border surrounding the p element will be set to be 10 pixels wide.
The position of the left edge of the <p> element will be shifted to the right by 10 pixels from where it would normally be

The difference between serif and sans-serif fonts is… (select all that apply)

Serif fonts have small decorative lines attached to the end of the stroke of letters, whereas sans-serif fonts do not.
Sans-serif fonts have small decorative lines attached to the end of the stroke of letters, whereas serif fonts do not.
Serif fonts can be scaled to be larger or smaller, whereas sans-serif fonts cannot.
Sans-serif fonts can be scaled to be larger or smaller, whereas serif fonts cannot.

The hexadecimal color code “#00ff00” represents the color:

Red
Green
Blue
Yellow

The hexadecimal number 1b is the same as the decimal number…

The <div class="clear"> element requires the following CSS rule to be applied to it, in order for it to serve its intended purpose:

float: left;
width: 960px;
clear: both;
margin: 0 auto;

Which two of the following CSS rules would be required to be applied to the <div class="container"> element, in order to illustrate its two main purposes in web page design? … (select two responses)

float: left;
width: 960px;
clear: both;
margin: 0 auto;

The float property is used…

to center any element on the page
to prevent inline elements from sitting side-by-side
to coerce block elements to sit side-by-side
to load different style sheets at different browser widths

CSS Layout

What CSS property can be used to restrict the width of a page?

display
width
margin
padding

How can you center the contents of a container element?

width: 100%
margin: auto
display: flex
position: absolute

What happens if you set the height of an element to a fixed size?

The element adjusts its height to fit the contents.
The layout becomes corrupted if the content exceeds the fixed height.
The element becomes invisible.
The element expands to fill the available space.

What is the width of an element calculated as?

Width + left border + right border + left padding + right padding
Width + left border + right border + left margin + right margin
Width + left border + right border + left padding + right padding + left margin + right margin
Width + left padding + right padding + left margin + right margin

Which CSS display value is used for block elements?

block
inline
none
static

Which elements are commonly set to display: block by default?

header, footer, main
a, strong, em
ul, ol, li
div, span

What is the behavior of block elements?

They consume as much width as they can and sit side-by-side with other elements.
They consume only as much width as they need and refuse to sit side-by-side with other elements.
They consume as much width as they can and happily sit side-by-side with other elements.
They consume only as much width as they need and cannot sit side-by-side with other elements.

Which elements are commonly set to display: inline by default?

header, footer, main
a, strong, em
ul, ol, li
div, span

What is the behavior of inline elements?

They consume as much width as they can and sit side-by-side with other elements.
They consume only as much width as they need and refuse to sit side-by-side with other elements.
They consume as much width as they can and happily sit side-by-side with other elements.
They consume only as much width as they need and cannot sit side-by-side with other elements.

What are div and span used for?

They have semantic meaning and are used to structure the content of a web page.
They have no semantic meaning and are used to apply styles to content without changing its meaning.

What is the purpose of the .container class in CSS layout?

To restrict the page width
To center the contents
To set the height of the container
To calculate the width of an element

Which CSS position value should be used for general web page layout?

static
relative
absolute
fixed

What is the main purpose of CSS Grid?

To restrict the page width
To center the contents
To create the main skeletal structure of web pages
To lay out the inner content pieces of a web page

What is the main purpose of CSS Flexbox?

To restrict the page width
To center the contents
To create the main skeletal structure of web pages
To lay out the inner content pieces of a web page

Which CSS property is used to adjust the width of a container in CSS Grid?

width
grid-template-columns
grid-template-areas
display

Which CSS property is used to adjust the width of a container in CSS Flexbox?

width
flex-direction
gap
display

What is the purpose of the gap property in CSS Flexbox?

To restrict the page width
To center the contents
To create the main skeletal structure of web pages
To set the spacing between inner elements

Which CSS property is used to justify the inner elements within a Flexbox container?

width
flex-direction
gap
justify-content

What is the purpose of the header element in HTML?

To define a section of a web page
To define a navigation bar
To define the main content of a web page
To define a header for a section or page

What is the purpose of the nav element in HTML?

To define a section of a web page
To define a navigation bar
To define the main content of a web page
To define a header for a section or page

JQuery

Which browser is currently the most popular by market share?

Google Chrome
Safari
Mozilla Firefox
Brave

Who invented JavaScript?

Brendan Eich at Netscape
Bill Gates at Microsoft
Tim Berners-Lee at the W3C
Linus Torvalds at Linux

Which browser was considered a pariah by many developers from the 1990’s thru the 2010’s?

Google Chrome
Safari
Mozilla Firefox
Internet Explorer

Which framework can be used to smooth out browser implementation differences?

Angular
React
Vue.js
jQuery

What type of events can JavaScript respond to?

User actions only
Browser actions only
Time-based events only
All of the above

How can you handle a click event using JQuery?

Using the click function
Using the mouseover function
Using the mouseout function
Using the setTimeout function

How can you handle a mouseover event using JQuery?

Using the click function
Using the mouseover function
Using the mouseout function
Using the setTimeout function

How can you handle a mouseout event using JQuery?

Using the click function
Using the mouseover function
Using the mouseout function
Using the setTimeout function

How can you perform an action after a certain period of time has passed using JQuery?

Using the click function
Using the mouseover function
Using the mouseout function
Using the setTimeout function

How can you hide an element using JQuery?

Using the hide function
Using the show function
Using the fadeOut function
Using the fadeIn function

How can you show a hidden element using JQuery?

Using the hide function
Using the show function
Using the fadeOut function
Using the fadeIn function

How can you change the text nested within an element using JQuery?

Using the text function
Using the html function
Using the css function
Using the attr function

How can you change the style of an element using JQuery?

Using the text function
Using the html function
Using the css function
Using the attr function

How can you modify an element’s class using JQuery?

Using the addClass function
Using the removeClass function
Using the text function
Using the html function

How can you change the value of an attribute using JQuery?

Using the addClass function
Using the removeClass function
Using the text function
Using the attr function

How can you animate an element using JQuery?

Using the hide function
Using the show function
Using the fadeOut function
Using the animate function

Which browser is currently the second most popular by market share?

Google Chrome
Safari
Mozilla Firefox
Brave

Which browser is currently the third most popular by market share?

Google Chrome
Safari
Mozilla Firefox
Brave

Which browser was first released in 2011?

Google Chrome
Safari
Mozilla Firefox
Brave

Which browser attempts to offer an alternative funding model for websites?

Google Chrome
Safari
Mozilla Firefox
Brave

Copyright and Linux

What is the purpose of copyright?

To protect the rights of creators and their original works
To restrict access to information and knowledge
To promote the sharing and collaboration of ideas
To encourage the development of open source software

What is copyleft?

A legal mechanism that allows creators to retain all rights to their work
A licensing approach that ensures derivative works are also open source
A term used to describe the opposite of copyright
A method of protecting intellectual property from unauthorized use

Who is the creator of the Linux operating system?

Richard Stallman
Linus Torvalds
Bill Gates
Steve Jobs

What is the origin of Linux?

It was developed by a team of researchers at MIT
It was created by Linus Torvalds as a hobby project
It was a commercial operating system developed by IBM
It was a fork of the Unix operating system

What is the GNU organization?

An organization that promotes the use of proprietary software
An organization that develops open source software and advocates for free software
An organization that enforces copyright laws
An organization that supports the use of copyleft licenses

What is the purpose of the GNU General Public License (GPL)?

To restrict the use and distribution of software
To promote the use of proprietary software
To ensure that derivative works are also open source
To protect the rights of software developers

What is the difference between copyright and copyleft?

Copyright protects the rights of creators, while copyleft promotes the sharing and collaboration of ideas
Copyright restricts access to information, while copyleft ensures derivative works are also open source
Copyright allows creators to retain all rights to their work, while copyleft allows for the free use and modification of software
Copyright protects intellectual property from unauthorized use, while copyleft enforces copyright laws

What is the significance of the GNU project in the development of Linux?

The GNU project developed the Linux kernel
The GNU project provided essential software components for the Linux operating system
The GNU project was responsible for the creation of the Linux operating system
The GNU project advocated for the use of proprietary software in the Linux community

What is the relationship between Linux and Unix?

Linux is a version of the Unix operating system
Linux is a completely separate operating system from Unix
Linux is based on the Unix operating system
Linux and Unix are interchangeable terms for the same operating system

What is the role of the Free Software Foundation (FSF) in the GNU project?

The FSF provides financial support to the GNU project
The FSF enforces copyright laws for the GNU project
The FSF develops and maintains the GNU software components
The FSF promotes the use of proprietary software in the GNU community

What is the purpose of the Creative Commons licenses?

To restrict the use and distribution of creative works
To promote the sharing and collaboration of creative works
To protect the rights of creators and their original works
To encourage the development of open source software

What is the difference between open source and free software?

Open source software is available at no cost, while free software is not
Open source software allows for the free use and modification of software, while free software is restricted by copyright
Open source software promotes the sharing and collaboration of ideas, while free software restricts access to information
Open source software is developed by the GNU project, while free software is developed by the Free Software Foundation

What is the purpose of the Creative Commons Attribution license?

To restrict the use and distribution of creative works
To promote the sharing and collaboration of creative works
To protect the rights of creators and their original works
To encourage the development of open source software

What is the significance of the GNU General Public License (GPL) in the open source community?

The GPL restricts the use and distribution of open source software
The GPL promotes the sharing and collaboration of open source software
The GPL protects the rights of software developers
The GPL allows for the free use and modification of open source software

What is the purpose of the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL)?

To restrict the use and distribution of software libraries
To promote the sharing and collaboration of software libraries
To protect the rights of software developers
To ensure that derivative works of software libraries are also open source

What is the difference between the GNU General Public License (GPL) and the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL)?

The GPL applies to all types of software, while the LGPL applies only to software libraries
The GPL restricts the use and distribution of software, while the LGPL promotes the sharing and collaboration of software

Exam 1 Practice Questions

Basic concepts

Operating systems

UNIX

Remote login

File transfer

Web Architecture

HTML

CSS

CSS Layout

JQuery

Copyright and Linux